Ambient Air Pollution and Diabetes

Abstract

This review critically evaluates the complex processes and epidemiological data between ambient air pollution and diabetes. Air pollutants such particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone have increased due to urbanization and industrialization. According to new study, chronic exposure to these contaminants increases the incidence of diabetes mellitus. The review synthesizes epidemiological, animal, and mechanistic data to determine how air pollution may cause and advance diabetes. Oxidative damage, inflammation, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue function are examined. The research also highlights how sensitive groups, such as those with pre-existing metabolic disorders, increase diabetes susceptibility to air pollution exposure. The study also discusses the worldwide burden of diabetes and ambient air pollution and the necessity for environmental scientists, epidemiologists, and healthcare professionals to collaborate on mitigation measures and public health initiatives. This comprehensive review seeks to inform policymakers, healthcare professionals, and researchers about the complex interactions that contribute to the growing public health risks of ambient air pollution and diabetes.